Amakuru - Nigute wahitamo Filime ya EVA ikwiye yo gufunga uturemangingo tw'izuba?

Ubushobozi n'igihe cy'ubuzima bwa module y'izuba biterwa cyane n'ubwiza bw'aho ifungiye. Nubwo uturemangingo twa photovoltaic ari moteri y'urupapuro rw'izuba, filime ya EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) ni uburinzi butuma ikora neza igihe kirekire mu bihe bikomeye by'ibidukikije. Guhitamo uburyo bukwiyeFilime ya EVAkurigukurura uturemangingo tw'izubani icyemezo cy'ingenzi ku bashinzwe amasoko n'abakora modules bagamije kongera inyungu ku isoko no kugabanya ibibazo by'amasoko.

Iyi nyandiko yuzuye isobanura ibipimo bya tekiniki, ibipimo by'imikorere, n'ingamba zo kugura ibikoresho bikenewe kugira ngo uhitemo filime ya EVA nziza ku murongo wawe wo kuyitunganya.

Incamake y'ingenzi: Ibipimo by'ingenzi byo gusuzuma filime ya EVA yo gushyira mu byiciro

Ku bijyanye na moteri zishakisha n'uburyo bwo kuzisuzuma byihuse, dore amabwiriza adasubirwaho yo kugenzura mugihe ushakisha filime ya EVA yo gukoresha imirasire y'izuba:

Kohereza urumuri:Igomba kuba hejuru ya 91% kugira ngo urumuri rw'izuba rugere ku tunyangingo tw'izuba.
Ibikubiye muri jeli (Guhuza):Ingano nziza ni 75% kugeza 85% kugira ngo imiterere y'inyubako ikomeze kuba myiza kandi irambe.
Ingufu zo gukata:Nibura 40 N/cm (ku kirahure) na 30 N/cm (ku rupapuro rwo inyuma) kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bicika.
Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe:Igomba kuguma munsi ya 2% kugira ngo hirindwe ko utunyangingo twangirika mu gihe cyo gushwanyaguza.
Ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ingano y'amazi:Ubudahangarwa bukomeye burakenewe kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika gukabije kw'ibimera (PID).

Impamvu Filime ya EVA ikwiye ari ingenzi ku turemangingo tw'izuba

Mu gihe cyo gukora module z'izuba, uturemangingo tw'izuba dushyirwa hagati y'ibice bya filime ya EVA, imbere y'ikirahure, n'inyuma y'urupapuro rurinda. Iyo imaze gushyushywa muri laminator y'umwuka, EVA irashonga, igahuza, hanyuma igakira, bigatuma amazi adakomeza kumera neza.

Gukoresha firime ya EVA idafite ubuziranenge bitera ingaruka zikomeye ku bukungu no ku izina ry’abakora modules, harimo kwangirika kw’ingufu byihuse, umuhondo, no kwinjira k’ubushuhe. Gufunga neza bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buryo Tier-1 idashobora kubona umusaruro w’izuba.

Igiciro Nyacyo cy'Uburyo Bubi bwo Gufunga Ibipfundikizo

Amakuru ajyanye n'inganda zikora za 500MW+ ziheruka guteranya agaragaza ko nubwo filime ya EVA yishyura munsi ya 5% by'igiciro cy'ibikoresho byose bya paneli y'izuba, ari yo itera hejuru ya 40% by'ibiza mu ntangiriro z'ibikorwa iyo byavuzwe nabi. Gushora imari muri filime za EVA zihenze bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy'ingwate n'ikiguzi cya O&M (Operations and Maintenance) ku muntu ukoresha.

Ibintu by'ingenzi mu guhitamo filime ya EVA

Kugira ngo urebe neza ko module zawe z'izuba zigera ku buzima bw'imyaka 25 kugeza kuri 30, suzuma abashobora gutanga EVA ukurikije ibi bipimo bya tekiniki.

1. Kohereza urumuri rwinshi

Akazi k'ibanze ka filime ya EVA yo ku ruhande rw'imbere ni ukureka urumuri rukanyuramo nta guhindagurika. EVA isanzwe itanga ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru ku kigero cya 90%. Ariko, filime za EVA zitwara amakuru menshi (zirenga 91.5%) zongerera ubushobozi bwo gufata fotoni mu turemangingo tw'izuba, zikongera imbaraga za module kugeza kuri wati 1-2 kuri buri gice.

2. Ingano ya Gel n'Ubucucike bw'ibice bihuza

Iyo firime ya EVA ishyushye, habaho uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu (cross-linking) buyihindura kuva kuri thermoplastic ikayihindura thermoset.

Hasi cyane (<70%):Iyi firime iguma yoroshye, ishobora kwangiza, kwinjira mu bushyuhe bwinshi no gucika burundu.
Hejuru cyane (> 85%):Iyi filime iracika intege cyane, bigatuma habaho stress ya mekanike no kwangirika k'uturemangingo mu gihe cy'ikirere gikabije.

3. Imiterere yo kurwanya PID

Gutakaza ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (PID) ni ikibazo gikomeye ku bakoresha imirasire y'izuba, gishobora kugabanya ingufu zituruka kuri module ku kigero cya 30% mu myaka mike gusa. PID iterwa n'amazi ava mu turemangingo tw'izuba ajya mu gice cy'inyuma cy'umuyoboro. Guhitamo module ikoreshwa mu mirasire y'izuba ni ikibazo gikomeye.Filime yo kurwanya PID EVAhamwe n’ubudahangarwa bwinshi bw’amashanyarazi, bituma urwego rwo gufunga rukora nk’igikoresho cy’amashanyarazi gifasha umuguzi mu gihe kirekire kugira ngo arusheho gutanga ingufu.

4. Ubudahangarwa bw'imirasire y'izuba n'ikirere

Mu myaka 25, agakoresho k'izuba kazahura n'imirasire ikomeye ya UV, ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rikabije, n'ubushuhe bwinshi. Ibikoresho bigabanya imirasire ya UV n'ibiyirinda bigomba kuba byakozwe neza muri resin ya EVA. Inyongeramusaruro mbi zituma agakoresho k'izuba "gahinduka umuhondo" cyangwa "gahinduka umukara", ibyo bikabuza urumuri rw'izuba kandi bigagabanya cyane umusaruro w'ingufu.

Kugereranya Ubwoko bwa Filime za EVA ku Porogaramu Zitandukanye

Imiterere itandukanye ya module z'izuba isaba ingamba zihariye zo gufunga. Dore igereranya kugira ngo rigufashe guhuza ibikoresho n'ibyo ukeneye mu nganda zawe.

Ubwoko bwa Filime / Ikiranga	Filime isanzwe ya EVA	EVA yo kohereza ubutumwa bwinshi	Filime yo kurwanya PID EVA	Filime ya POE (Polyolefin)
Ikoreshwa neza kuri	Polycrystalline isanzwe	Monocrystalline ikora neza cyane	Sisitemu zifite ingufu nyinshi (1500V)	Ubwoko bwa N, TOPCon, HJT selile
Kohereza urumuri	~ 90%	>91.5%	>91%	>90%
Ubudahangarwa bwa PID	Iringaniye	Iringaniye	Byiza cyane	Icy'ikirenga
Inzitizi y'ubushuhe	Byiza	Byiza	Byiza	Byiza cyane
Ibiciro by'ibiciro	Ijyanye n'ubukungu	Hagati	Hagati-Hejuru	Hejuru

Icyitonderwa: Nubwo filime ya POE irimo kwiyongera ku ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya selile (nka N-type na HJT) bitewe nuko nta gipimo cyayo cyo kohereza umwuka w'amazi, filime ya Anti-PID EVA ikomeje kuba igisubizo gihendutse kandi cyizewe cyane kuri module za P-type PERC zisanzwe.

Ibisubizo byo Gutanga Amasoko: Gukemura Ibibazo by'Abaguzi

Mu gushaka ibikoresho byo gukora module z'izuba, abashinzwe kugura bareba ibirenze ibya tekiniki gusa. Bakeneye ibisubizo binoza umusaruro kandi bigabanye ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga.

Igihe cyo Gutera Impeshyi Byihuse Kugirango Ubone Umusaruro Mwinshi

Filimi gakondo za EVA zikenera iminota 15 kugeza kuri 20 muri laminator. Imiti ya EVA igezweho kandi ivura vuba ishobora kugabanya igihe cyo gufunga kugeza ku minota 10-12. Ku ruganda rukora amasaha 24/7, gufunga iminota 5 ku gihe cyo gufunga byongera ubushobozi bwo gukora module kugeza kuri 20% hatabayeho kugura ibindi bikoresho byo gufunga.

Imara igihe kinini kandi ikoreshwa neza

Filimi ya EVA ishobora kwangirika ku bushyuhe n'ubukonje bw'ikirere. Abatanga serivisi nziza batanga imigozi ya EVA ifunze neza mu ipaki ya aluminiyumu. Filimi nziza igomba kugumana imiterere yayo nibura amezi 6 kugeza kuri 9 iyo ibitswe neza (munsi ya 30°C n'ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 60%), bigabanye imyanda y'ibikoresho ku ruganda.

Uburyo Filime ya EVA ikwiye irinda ubusembwa busanzwe bwo gufunga

Guhitamo filime ya EVA yemewe kandi ifite ireme ryo hejuru bigufasha kurenga inenge zikunze kugaragara—kandi zihenze—mu gukora:

Gukuraho imiterere y'ikintu:Bibaho iyo imigozi yo gufatana hagati y'ikirahure, EVA, n'urupapuro rwo inyuma inaniwe. Akenshi biterwa n'imbaraga nke zo gukata cyangwa firime ya EVA yarangiye. EVA yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ikoresha ibikoresho bigezweho byo guhuza silane kugira ngo ikomeze gufatana.
Inzira z'Inkongoro:Imirongo yijimye, isa n'amashami igaragara ku turemangingo tw'izuba. Iyi ni ihinduka ry'ibinyabutabire rigizwe n'ubushuhe, imiyoboro y'ifeza, n'inyongera za EVA nkeya. Imiterere yakozwe neza kugira ngo umwuka w'amazi udakwirakwira neza irinde ibi.
Kwimura uturemangingo:Iyo firime ya EVA ifite umuvuduko mwinshi wo kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe, izakurura kandi ikanimura utunyangingo tw'izuba mu gihe cyo gushonga. Ibi bituma imigozi idakora neza, imiyoboro migufi, ndetse n'umuvuduko mwinshi wo kwangwa ku mpera y'umurongo. EVA yo hejuru iragabanuka mbere kandi ikagenzurwa n'imbaraga mu gihe cyo kuyisohora.

Kwiyemeza: Icyo wakwitaho mu mucuruzi

Kugira ngo umenye neza ko urunigi rwawe rw'ibikoresho rukora neza, suzuma uruganda rwawe rwa filime ya EVA ukurikije amahame agenga ubuziranenge. Menya neza ko batanga:

Impamyabushobozi za TÜV na UL:Igenzura ryigenga ry'uko ibikoresho byatsinze ubushyuhe butose (DH1000/DH3000) n'ibizamini by'ubushyuhe.
Raporo z'uburyo ibintu bihinduka mu itsinda:Kubona amakuru y'ibizamini by'ingano ya gel n'ubukana bw'ibishishwa kuri buri gice cyoherejwe.
Guhindura:Ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubugari, ubunini (ubusanzwe kuva kuri 0.45mm kugeza kuri 0.60mm), n'uburebure bwo kuzingurura kugira ngo bihuze neza n'ibyo laminator yawe igusaba.

Kuzamura ubushobozi bwawe bwo gukoresha imirasire y'izuba uyu munsi

Guhitamo ikintu gitunganyeFilime ya EVA to gukururaibyaweuturemangingo tw'izubani ishoramari ritaziguye mu kuramba, imikorere myiza, no kugurishwa kwa modules zawe z'izuba. Mu gushyira imbere ubushobozi bwo kohereza urumuri rwinshi, imiterere yo kurwanya PID, n'ubushobozi bwo gukira vuba, abakora bashobora koroshya umusaruro mu gihe bageza ibicuruzwa byiza bya Tier-1 ku bakoresha babo.

Witeguye kunoza uburyo bwo gukora module yawe ukoresheje ibikoresho bikomeye mu nganda?

[Suzuma amahitamo yacu meza ya Filime za EVA zemejwe] or [Vugana n'itsinda ryacu ry'abagurisha ibikoresho bya tekiniki]kugira ngo haboneke igisubizo cyihariye cyo gufunga hamwe n'ingero z'ibikoresho.