Ibyuma bitanga imirasire y'izubazirimo zirushaho gukundwa nk'isoko y'ingufu zirambye kandi zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, zihindura uburyo dukoresha amashanyarazi. Zigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere no kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikomoka kuri peteroli. Ariko, uko ikoranabuhanga ryagiye ritera imbere, ubwoko butandukanye bw'imirasire y'izuba bwaravutse, buri imwe ifite imiterere yayo n'ikoreshwa ryayo. Muri iyi blog, tuzasuzuma ibyiciro bine by'ingenzi by'imirasire y'izuba: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, BIPV na flexible, dusobanura itandukaniro ryabyo n'ibyiza byabyo.
1. Igice cy'urukiramende rusa n'urumuri:
Udupapuro tw’izuba twitwa monocrystalline, mu magambo make, dufatwa nk’ubwoko bw’udupira tw’izuba twitwa monocrystalline, dufatwa nk’ubwoko bwiza kandi bukoreshwa cyane ku isoko. Twubakwa mu cyuma kimwe cy’izuba cyiza cyane, bivuze ko gifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu. Udupira tw’izuba twitwa monocrystalline dukunda kugira ubushobozi bwo gukora neza cyane (hafi 20%) ugereranije n’ubundi bwoko. Ibi bivuze ko dushobora gukora amashanyarazi menshi ahantu hato. Tuzwi kandi ko dukora neza mu bihe by’urumuri ruto, bigatuma tuba beza cyane ahantu hatarangwa n’izuba ridasanzwe.
2. Polyboard:
Udupapuro twa polycrystalline, cyangwa amapaneli ya polycrystalline, ni andi mahitamo akunzwe cyane ku ba nyir'amazu n'ibigo. Bitandukanye n'amapaneli ya monocrystalline, agizwe na kristu nyinshi za silicon, bigatuma asa neza n'ubururu. Nubwo amapaneli ya polycrystalline adakora neza cyane ugereranyije n'amapaneli ya monocrystalline (hafi 15-17%), arahendutse cyane kuyakora, bigatuma aba amahitamo meza ku bantu bafite ingengo y'imari nto. Amapapi ya polyethylene nayo akora neza mu bihe bishyushye kuko adakunze kugerwaho n'ubushyuhe.
3. Igice cya BIPV:
Utwuma dukoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri photovoltaic (BIPV) turimo gukura cyane bitewe n’imiterere yatwo igezweho n’uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora. Utwo twuma ntidukoreshwa gusa mu gutanga amashanyarazi, ahubwo tunakoreshwa mu miterere y’inyubako. Utwuma dukoresha BIPV dushobora gushyirwa mu madirishya, ku bisenge cyangwa ku nkuta nk’ibintu by’ubwubatsi kandi bikarinda ingufu. Duhuza ubwiza n’imikorere, bigatuma tuba amahitamo meza ku bahanga mu by’ubwubatsi, abubatsi n’abashushanya bashaka kunoza imiterere irambye y’inyubako zabo.
4. Igice cyoroshye:
Udupapuro tworoshye, tuzwi kandi nka membrane panels, turimo gukundwa cyane bitewe n’imiterere yatwo yihariye n’ubushobozi bwo kwihuza n’ubuso budasanzwe. Bitandukanye n’udupapuro tworoshye twa monocrystalline na polycrystalline, utworoshye dukozwe mu bikoresho byoroshye kandi byoroshye nka silicon amorphous na cadmium telluride. Ubu buryo bworoshye butuma dushyirwa ku buso bugoramye, ibikoresho bitwarwa, cyangwa se bigashyirwa mu myenda. Nubwo bufite ubushobozi buke (hafi 10-12%), ubworoherane n’ubushobozi bwabwo bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye bituma tuba amahitamo meza yo gukoresha mu buryo bw’umwuga no mu mirasire y’izuba itwarwa.
Muri make:
Ibyuma by'izuba byateye imbere cyane kuva byatangira, bihinduka kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo umuntu akeneye byose. Ibyuma by'izuba bitanga umusaruro mwiza kandi byizewe, mu gihe ibyuma by'izuba byinshi bitanga ubundi buryo buhendutse. Ibyuma by'izuba bya BIPV byinjijwe mu buryo butagoramye mu bishushanyo mbonera by'inyubako, bigahindura inyubako moteri zitanga amashanyarazi. Amaherezo, ibyuma byoroshye birimo kurenga imbibi z'ibikoresho bisanzwe by'izuba, bigahuza n'ubuso bugoramye n'ibikoresho bitwarwa. Amaherezo, guhitamo ubwo bwoko bw'ibyuma by'izuba biterwa n'ibintu nk'ingengo y'imari, umwanya uhari, ibisabwa mu bwiza, n'ikoreshwa ryihariye. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, ibyuma by'izuba bizakomeza gutera imbere, bikatugeza ku hazaza heza kandi harambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Nyakanga-2023