Ibice byingenzi nimirimo yizuba

Imirasire y'izubabyahindutse umusingi wibisubizo byingufu zishobora gukoreshwa, gukoresha ingufu zizuba kugirango bitange amashanyarazi kumazu, ubucuruzi, ndetse ninganda nini nini. Gusobanukirwa ibice byingenzi nimirimo yizuba ni ngombwa kubantu bose bifuza gukoresha ubwo buhanga burambye.

Hagati yumuriro wizuba hari selile yifotora (PV), ishinzwe guhindura urumuri rwizuba mumashanyarazi. Izi selile zisanzwe zikozwe muri silicon, ibikoresho bya semiconductor bifite ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gukuramo fotone kumurasire yizuba. Iyo urumuri rw'izuba rukubise selile ya PV, rushimisha electron, rukora amashanyarazi. Iyi nzira yitwa ingaruka ya Photovoltaque, kandi nihame shingiro ryukuntu imirasire yizuba ikora.

Imirasire y'izuba igizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi, buri kimwe kigira uruhare runini mumikorere yabyo muri rusange. Igice cya mbere ni igifuniko cy'ikirahure, kirinda ingirabuzimafatizo zifotora ibintu bidukikije nk'imvura, urubura, n'umukungugu mu gihe urumuri rw'izuba runyura. Ikirahuri gikunze kuramba kandi kigenewe guhangana nikirere kibi.

Munsi yikirahuri hari uturemangingo twizuba ubwazo. Izi selile zitunganijwe muburyo bwa gride kandi mubisanzwe bikubiye mubice bya Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) kugirango irinde kandi irinde. Gutondekanya utugingo ngengabuzima bigena imikorere nimbaraga zisohoka mukibaho. Imirasire y'izuba myinshi murugo igizwe na selile 60 kugeza 72, hamwe na paneli ikora neza irimo selile nyinshi.

Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kigizwe nurupapuro rwinyuma, ni urwego rutanga ubwirinzi no kurinda inyuma yizuba. Ubusanzwe ikozwe mubikoresho biramba bishobora kwihanganira imirasire ya UV nubushuhe, bigatuma kuramba kuramba. Urupapuro rwinyuma narwo rufite uruhare mubikorwa rusange byikibaho mugabanya igihombo cyingufu.

Ikadiri yizuba isanzwe ikozwe muri aluminium, itanga ubufasha bwubaka kandi ikumira ibyangiritse kumubiri. Ikadiri kandi yorohereza kwishyiriraho imirasire yizuba hejuru yinzu cyangwa hasi, ikemeza ko ihagaze neza kugirango ifate izuba ryinshi.

Kugirango uhindure umuyaga utaziguye (DC) utangwa ningirabuzimafatizo zuba zigenda zisimburana (AC) zikoreshwa ningo nyinshi, imirasire yizuba ikunze guhuzwa na inverter. Inverter ni ikintu cyingenzi gituma amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ahuza n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo hamwe na gride y'amashanyarazi. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa inverter, harimo imirongo ihinduranya, microinverter, hamwe na optimizers, buri kimwe hamwe nibyiza hamwe nibisabwa.

Hanyuma, sisitemu yo kugenzura nikintu cyingenzi mugukurikirana imikorere yizuba. Sisitemu yemerera uyikoresha gukurikirana umusaruro wingufu, kumenya ibibazo byose, no kunoza imikorere yizuba. Imirasire y'izuba myinshi igezweho ifite ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana ubwenge butanga amakuru nyayo binyuze muri porogaramu zigendanwa cyangwa imbuga za interineti.

Muri make,imirasire y'izubabigizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi, harimo selile yifotora, igifuniko cyikirahure, urupapuro rwinyuma, ikadiri, inverter, hamwe na sisitemu yo gukurikirana. Buri kimwe muri ibyo bintu kigira uruhare runini mumikorere rusange no gukora neza kwizuba. Mugihe isi ikomeje guhindukirira ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, gusobanukirwa ibi bice bizafasha abantu nubucuruzi gufata ibyemezo byuzuye bijyanye no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryizuba, amaherezo bikagira uruhare mugihe kizaza kirambye.