Imirasire y'izubahindura urumuri rw'izuba mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi ukingira imirasire y'izuba murwego rucanye.
1. Kugaragara kw'igitekerezo cy'izuba
Da Vinci yatanze ubuhanuzi bujyanye n’ikinyejana cya 15, hakurikiraho kuvuka kw’izuba rya mbere ku isi mu kinyejana cya 19, ariko imikorere yaryo yari 1% gusa.
2. Ibigize ingirabuzimafatizo
Imirasire y'izuba myinshi ikozwe muri silicon, ikaba ari umutungo wa kabiri mwinshi cyane mubutaka bwisi. Ugereranije n’ibicanwa gakondo (peteroli, amakara, nibindi), ntabwo bitera kwangiza ibidukikije cyangwa ibibazo byubuzima bwabantu, harimo imyuka ya dioxyde de carbone igira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere, imvura ya aside, ihumana ry’ikirere, umwotsi, umwanda w’amazi, kuzuza vuba imyanda y’imyanda, no kwangiza aho gutura n’impanuka ziterwa n’isuka rya peteroli.
3. Imirasire y'izuba ni umutungo w'ubuntu kandi ushobora kuvugururwa
Gukoresha ingufu z'izuba ni umutungo wicyatsi kandi ushobora kuvugururwa ushobora kugabanya ibirenge bya karubone. Abakoresha ingufu z'izuba barashobora kuzigama amavuta agera kuri miliyoni 75 na toni miliyoni 35 za dioxyde de carbone buri mwaka. Byongeye kandi, ingufu nyinshi zishobora kuboneka ku zuba: mu isaha imwe gusa, Isi yakira imbaraga zirenze iyo ikoresha mu mwaka wose (hafi terawatt 120).
4. Gukoresha ingufu z'izuba
Imirasire y'izuba itandukanye n'ubushyuhe bw'amazi akoreshwa ku gisenge. Imirasire y'izuba ihindura ingufu z'izuba ingufu z'amashanyarazi, mugihe ubushyuhe bwamazi yizuba bukoresha ubushyuhe bwizuba kugirango ushushe amazi. Icyo bahurizaho ni uko batangiza ibidukikije.
5. Amafaranga yo kwishyiriraho imirasire y'izuba
Igiciro cyambere cyo kwishyiriraho imirasire yizuba gishobora kuba kinini, ariko hashobora kubaho inkunga za leta zirahari. Icya kabiri, uko ubukungu butera imbere, ibiciro byo gukora no kwishyiriraho imirasire y'izuba bizagabanuka uko umwaka utashye. Gusa menya neza ko bafite isuku kandi ntakumirwa nikintu icyo aricyo cyose. Ibisenge bigoramye bisaba isuku nke, kuko imvura ifasha gukuraho umwanda.
6. Amafaranga yo kubungabunga nyuma yo kwishyiriraho imirasire y'izuba
KubungabungaXinDongKeimirasire y'izuba isa nkaho itabaho. Gusa menya neza ko imirasire y'izuba isukuye kandi itabangamiwe nikintu icyo aricyo cyose, kandi ingufu zayo ntizizagira ingaruka cyane. Ibisenge bigoramye bisaba isuku nke, kuko amazi yimvura afasha gukuraho umwanda. Byongeye kandi, igihe cyizuba cyizuba cyizuba kirashobora kugera kumyaka 20-25. Ibi ntibisobanura ko bidashobora gukoreshwa, ariko imbaraga zabo zo kubyara ingufu zishobora kugabanuka hafi 40% ugereranije nigihe zaguzwe bwa mbere.
7. Igihe cyo gukora imirasire y'izuba
Imirasire y'izuba ya Crystalline itanga amashanyarazi hanze yizuba. Nubwo izuba ryizuba ridakomeye, barashobora kubyara amashanyarazi. Ariko, ntibakora kuminsi yibicu cyangwa nijoro kuko nta zuba ryizuba. Nyamara, amashanyarazi arenze urugero arashobora kubikwa muri bateri.
8. Ibibazo bishobora kuvuka hamwe nizuba
Mbere yo gushiraho imirasire y'izuba, ugomba gusuzuma imiterere n'ahantu hahanamye hejuru yinzu yawe. Ni ngombwa kurinda imbaho kure y'ibihuru n'ibiti kubwimpamvu ebyiri: zishobora guhagarika imbaho, kandi amashami namababi bishobora gushushanya hejuru, bikagabanya imikorere yabyo.
9. Imirasire y'izuba ifite intera nini ya porogaramu
Imirasire y'izubairashobora gukoreshwa mu nyubako, kugenzura, ibiraro byo mumuhanda, ndetse nogajuru hamwe na satelite. Ibikoresho bimwe bishobora gutwara imirasire y'izuba birashobora no gukoreshwa na terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa, n'ibindi bikoresho.
10. Imirasire y'izuba kwizerwa
Ndetse no mubihe bibi cyane, sisitemu ya Photovoltaque irashobora gukomeza gutanga amashanyarazi. Ibinyuranye, tekinoroji gakondo akenshi inanirwa gutanga imbaraga mugihe bikenewe cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-06-2025